Combustion apparatus



Jan. 12 1926. 1,569,250

w. H. ARCHER COMBUS'II ON APPARATUS Filed April 7, 192

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Patented Jan. 12, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. ARCHER, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE COMMERCIAL SAVINGS BANK 80 TRUST 00., TRUSTEE, F TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

COMBUSTION APPARATUS.

Application filed April 7, 1924. Serial No. 704,650.

To (all IF/lO/II- it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. ARCHER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Toledo, Lucas County, Ohio, have invented new and useful Combustion Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to installations for the burning of liquid fuel.

This invention has utility when incorporated in a maintained air supply oil burner for general heating purposes.

Referring to the drawings Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view of an embodiment of the invention in an oil burner heating installation;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view, in section, of the thermostatically controlled valve for oil supply; 7

Fig. 3 is a detail View. in section, of the normally inactive but safety float control supply stopping valve;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation on an enlarged scale, with parts broken away, of the ignition chamber and battle of the burner structure and Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the baffle. Liquid fuel tank 1 is shown as having duct 2 extending past manually controlled valve 3 to valve housing 4 where the oil is delivered into chamber 5. Thermostat 6 as supplied by electric current from power circuit 7 past transformer 8 may as adjusted cut in motor 9 for operating line 10 connected to bent lever 11 having fixed fulcrum 12 on bracket 13 extending from the housing 4. This lever 11 has connection 14 to needle 15 normally urged by spring 16 toward opening 17 and maintained by collar 18 from fully closing said opening 17. As the temperature in the region of the thermostat 6 in the building 19 falls, the lever 11 may be lifted by line 10, thereby operating to pull the needle 15 to an increased distance from this seat 17 to allow a greater flow of oil from the chamber 5 into the chamber 20 for passing therefrom by duct 21 to float chamber 22. Float 23 in this chamber normally rests in the lower portion thereof to have its needle 24 off intake seat 25 at the duct 21. The flow of this oil or liquid fuel is thus normally ermitted by line 26 and the T-wayv 27 into lever 11.

the T 27 is removable in the event there should beany clogging of the duct 26 adjacent the ignition chamber 28.

From the power supply lines 7 extend lines 30 past switch 31 to motor 32 driving fan 33 having a duct 34 therefrom provided with damper 35 connected by lines 36 to the This connection to the temperature or thermostatic control is such that the damper 35 is in air supply checking position when the thermostatic valve is closed or for pilot operation only of'the burner. By checking the damper 35, the fan 33 merely recirculates the air and there is a reduced demand on the continuously driving motor 32. The air supply in the duct 34 is accordingly one which is maintained, and in pilot operation of the burner such supply is in reduced quantity, but at all times under fan draft.

The duct 34 enters concentric way 36 as to the ignition chamber 28 to come against ledge 37 in snug seating position for the central air supply for the ignition chamber. chamber 28 has upper notches 39 engaged by hooks 40 of spider 41 depending to carry bearing step 42 having bearing ball 43 as a thrust bearing for stem 44, thus disposed concentrically of the duct 34 and the ignition chamber 28. The incoming air draft so keeps the temperature of this step 42 that lubrication of this anti-friction step may occur even with oil lubricant.

The upper portion of this stem 44 has threaded portion 45 on which are nuts 46, 47, for anchoring therebetween a primary baffle 48 as well as supplemental bafile mem- Ber 49. This primary baflie member 48 is provided with depending ribs or vanes 50 extending to more pronounced portions 51 over and into the upper portion of the ignition chamber 28. These depending portions 50, 51, in their radial extent have an arc progress of a spiral tendency. The de-' combustion throughout the annular extent of the chamber 28, and is thus effective against any accumulation of carbon. The draft in normal burning operation is sufficient to rotate this primary baffle 48 by the impinging action of such incoming air supply on the depending wings 50, 51.

When it is desired to operate this burner without a supplemental pilot but to rely upon a liquid fuel supply as such, the draft from the air supply intake with the reduced fuel supply may hardly in some instances be sufficient for maintaining bafiie rotation. Inasmuch as from outlet region 52 of combustion draft from the ignition chamber 28, there is gas volume flow which may be utilized, advantage of such is taken herein by supplemental member 49 having vane portions 53, 54, in an annular series over this way 52. WVhile the combustion distribution is maintained annularly uniform by the baffle member 48, this member 49 may in a measure supplement the uniformity of this distribution, and as fixed with the member 48 the combustion tendency draft is combined with the incoming air draft as ample even under reduced pilot operating conditions for maintaining rotat on of the baffle. There is thus insured at all times a clean burner for a fuel normally of carbon producing tendency at vaporization. This means that without attention this installation is one susceptible to continuous automatic operation.

If from some causes there should be extinguishment of the burner, any accumulation of liquid in the ignition chamber 28 will back up such liquid in the line 26 and lift the float 23 in thechamber 22 so that the float carried member 24 will enter the seat 25, and effectively cut off continuance of the liquid flow, thereby effectively precluding any flooding of furnace 55 in which the burner is mounted. The mounting of the burner is shown as through ash-pit 56 and on grate 57 in combustion chamber or firepot 58 of the furnace 55. The products of combustion from the burner may pass by flue 59 while the heated gas from the furnace 55 may be conducted by pipes 60 to various portions of.the building 19 where it is to be utilized.

\Vhat is claimed and it is desired cure by Letters Patent is 1. A liquid fuel burner embodying an annular ignition chamber, an air duct concentric therewith, and a rotary baffle over said air duct, said bafiie provided with vanes over said ignition chamber for swirlingair into the ignition chamber.

2. A liquid fuel burner embodying an annular ignition chamber, an air duct conto secentric therewith, a ballle over the air duct, and a step mounting the balfie for rotation, said baflie being provided with depending vanes for directing air to swirl into said ignition chamber.

3. A burner provided with an ignition chamber, a combustion outlet therefrom, vane means to be actuated by draft from said chamber, and a bafiie to be rotated with said vane means, said baffle being provided with depending portions for swirling air from said duct into said ignition chamber.

4. In a heating installation wherein an automatic temperature controlled fuel supply valve is operated in conjunction with a forced draft air supply, the combination of a burner provided with an ignition chamber, a liquid fuel supply duct to said chamber having said fuel supply valve therein for regulating fuel supply to said chamber, a duct from said draft supply to said chamber connected to be controlled with said temperature controlled valve, and air draft swirling means for directing said draft into said ignition chamber whereby the mixing action of the swirling means is controlled.

5. A liquid fuel burner embodying an ignition chamber, a liquid fuel supply duct thereto, an axially extending air duct inward of said chamber, and a bafiie providing a cap over the upper end of said duct rotatable as to said duct for directing air from the duct into said chamber.

6. A burner provided with an ignition chamber, a combustion outlet therefrom, a draft duct extending axially upward in said chamber, vane means to be actuated by draft from said chamber, and a baffle carried by the vane means for directing air from the duct down into the chamber.

.7. The combination with a hydro-carbon burner having a fuel trough and provision for the discharge of air into said trough, of a deflector member rotatably mounted above the trough and driven by the discharge of air therein, and having provision for directing the discharging air down into the trough.

8. The combination with a l1y lro-carbon burner having an open top fuel trough and provision for the discharge of air into the upper portion of the trough, of a deflector mounted for rotary movements above the trough in spaced relation. at its outer edge and having a deflecting flange portion at its under side adjacent to its outer edge, and also having vanes at its under side in the path of discharge of air into the trough, whereby the air imparts rotation to the deflector.

In Witness whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM ARCHER. 

